SEE CONVENTIONAL GEAR

(1) A bituminous material used in paving; a trade name for Tar MacAdam. (2) An airport surface paved with this substance, especially a runway or an APRON at a hangar.

True airspeed

True Airspeed. Because an airspeed indicator indicates true airspeed only under standard sea-level conditions, true airspeed is usually calculated by adjusting an Indicated Airspeed according to temperature, density, and pressure. Compare CALIBRATED AIR SPEED and INDICATED AIR SPEED.

SEE CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

Airspace surrounding designated airports wherein ATC provides radar vectoring, sequencing, and separation on a full-time basis for all IFR and participating VFR aircraft. Service provided at a TRSA is called Stage III Service. TRSAs are depicted on VFR aeronautical charts. Pilot participation is urged but is not mandatory.

Ground-based, free-rotating, triangular-shaped wind direction indicator, genrally placed near a runway.

The driving force of a propeller in the line of its shaft or the forward force produced in reaction to the gases expelled rearward from a jet or rocket engine. Opposite of DRAG.

A twisting, gyroscopic force acting in opposition to an axis of rotation, such as with a turning propeller; aka Torsion.

Landing practice wherein an aircraft does not make a full stop after a landing, but proceeds immediately to another take-off.

A propeller mounted in front of its engine, pulling an aircraft through the air, as opposed to a PUSHER configuration.

An airborne transmitter that responds to ground-based interrogation signals to provide air traffic controllers with more accurate and reliable position information than would be possible with "passive" radar; may also provide air traffic control with an aircraft's altitude.

A small, auxiliary control surface in the trailing edge of a wingform, adjustable mechanically or by hand, to counteract ("trim") aerodynamic forces on the main control surfaces.

The speed of an aircraft along its flight path, in respect to the body of air (air mass) through which the aircraft is moving. Also see CALIBRATED AIRSPEED, GROUND SPEED, INDICATED AIRSPEED.

The northern direction of the axis of the Earth; aka "Map North." GEOGRAPHICAL NORTH, as opposed to MAGNETIC NORTH.

An aircraft having a jet engine in which the energy of the jet operates a turbine that in turn operates the air compressor.

An aircraft having a jet engine in which the energy of the jet operates a turbine that drives the propeller.